====== Left/Right Drop Jump ====== **L/R Drop Jump - Timepoints** Start/Initial Contact: Definition: Initial Contact on the force platform and start of the braking phase. Calculation: GRFz >20N Units: Frame # Braking End: Definition: End of the braking phase and start of the concentric phase. Calculation: First frame where COM vertical velocity > 0, following yielding end. Units: Frame # Takeoff: Definition: End of the concentric phase and start of the flight phase. Calculation: First frame GRFz < 30N Units: Frame # Ground Contact: Definition: End of the flight phase and start of the landing phase. Calculation: First frame GRFz > 30N following takeoff Units: Frame # Landing End: Definition: End of the landing phase Calculation: Minimum vertical COM Displacement following Ground Contact Units: Frame # **L/R Drop Jump - KPI** Braking Force Difference: Definition: Difference between left and right limbs peak braking force. Calculation: max Braking Force L – max Braking force R Units: Newtons (N) Bodyweight: Definition: Average GRFz during weighting phase (i.e., when participant stands motionless on the force platform(s). Also referred to as system weight Calculation: mean(GRFz[0:500]) Units: Newtons (N) Mass: Definition: Mass of the participant (system) in kilograms determined during the weighting phase. Calculation: Bodyweight (N) / -9.81 m/s2 Units: Kilograms (kg) Jump Height: Definition: Measure of jumping performance. Center of mass displacement of the individual. Calculated based on impulse momentum. Calculation: Jump height = vtakeoff2(m/s) / 2*gravitational acceleration (m/s/s) Units: Meters (m), Inches (in) MRSI: Definition: Measure of explosive jumping performance. Ratio of Jump Height to Jump Time. Calculation: Jump Height/Jump Time Units: Unitless RSI: Definition: Measure of explosive jumping performance. Ratio of Flight Time to Jump Time. Calculation: Flight Time/Jump Time Units: Unitless Net Impulse Ratio: Definition: Ratio of braking net impulse to concentric net impulse. Calculation: Braking Impulse/Concentric Impulse Units: Unitless Concentric Net Impulse: Definition: Impulse generated by the individual during the concentric phase independent of bodyweight Calculation: ∫(Force (N) – Bodyweight(N)) * t(s) Units: Newton · seconds (N·s) Braking Net Impulse: Definition: Impulse generated by the individual during the braking phase independent of bodyweight Calculation: ∫(Force (N) – Bodyweight(N)) * t(s) Units: Newton · seconds (N·s) Momentum: Definition: Vertical center of mass momentum of the individual at takeoff Calculation: mass (kg) * velocitytakeoff (m/s) Units: Kilogram · meters per second (kg·m/s) Jump Time: Definition: Elapsed time between the start of the jump and takeoff Calculation: Timetakeoff(s) – Timestart(s) Units: Seconds (s) Flight Time: Definition: Elapsed time between takeoff and ground contact following takeoff Calculation: Timeground contact (s) – Timetakeoff(s) Units: Seconds (s) COM Depth: Definition: Displacement of the individual’s center of mass from the starting position. Calculation: Positiontimepoint – Positionstart (m) Units: Meters (m) COM Depth Landing: Definition: Displacement of the individual’s center of mass at ground contact following the jump to landing end. Calculation: Positionlanding_end – Positionground contact (m) Units: Meters (m) Landing Vertical Stiffness: Definition: Vertical ground reaction force divided by the center of mass displacement at the instant of landing end. Calculation: Force (N)landing end / com_depthlanding end Units: Newtons (N)/meters(m) Vertical Stiffness: Definition: Vertical ground reaction force divided by the center of mass displacement at the instant of braking end. Calculation: Force (N)braking end / com_depthbraking end Units: Newtons (N)/meters(m) **L/R Drop Jump - Sub phase Metrics** Phase Time: Definition: Temporal duration of the selected phase. Calculation: ∆phase time(s) Units: Seconds (s) Avg Vel: Definition: Average center of mass vertical velocity across selected phase. Calculation: mean COMvelocity(m/s). Units: Meters per second (m/s) Peak Vel: Definition: Peak negative center of mass vertical velocity within the selected phase. Calculation: maximum COMvelocity (m/s). Units: Meters per second (m/s) Avg Force: Definition: Average vertical force production during the selected phase. Calculation: mean vertical GRFz (N) Units: Newtons (N) Avg Force Rel: Definition: Average vertical force production during the selected phase normalized to participant’s body mass. Calculation: mean vertical GRFz (N)/ body mass (kg) Units: Newtons per kilogram (N/kg) Peak Force: Definition: Peak vertical force production during the selected phase normalized to participant’s body mass. Calculation: maximum GRFz (N) during the selected phase Units: Newtons (N) Peak Force Rel: Definition: Peak vertical force production during the selected phase normalized to participant’s body mass. Calculation: maximum GRFz (N) during the selected phase / mass (kg) Units: Newtons per kilogram (N/kg) Avg RFD: Definition: Average rate of force development during the selected phase. Calculation: mean GRFz(N)/ Time (s) across the selected phase Units: Newtons per second (N/s) Avg RFD Rel: Definition: Average rate of force development during the selected phase normalized to participant’s body mass. Calculation: mean GRFz(N)/ Time (s) across the selected phase / mass(kg) Units: Newtons per second per kilogram (N/s/kg) Peak RFD: Definition: Peak rate of force development during the selected phase. Calculation: maximum GRFz(N)/ Time (s) across the selected phase Units: Newtons per second (N/s) Peak RFD Rel: Definition: Peak rate of force development during the selected phase normalized to body mass. Calculation: maximum GRFz(N)/ Time (s) across the selected phase divided by mass(kg) Units: Newtons per second per kilogram (N/s/kg) Peak Power: Definition: Peak power production during the selected phase. Calculation: maximum GRFz(N) * COMvelocity (m/s) Units: Watts (W) Peak Power Rel: Definition: Peak power production during the selected phase normalized to the participant’s body mass. Calculation: maximum GRFz(N) * COMvelocity (m/s) across the selected phase / mass(kg) Units: Watts per kilogram (W/kg) Avg Power: Definition: Average power production during the selected phase. Calculation: mean GRFz(N) * COMvelocity (m/s) across the selected phase Units: Watts (W) Avg Power Rel: Definition: Average power production during the selected phase normalized to the participant’s body mass. Calculation: mean GRFz(N) * COMvelocity (m/s) across the selected phase /mass(kg) Units: Watts per kilogram (W/kg) Peak Work: Definition: Peak work production during the selected phase. Calculation: maximum GRFz(N) * COMdisplacement (m) across the selected phase Units: Joules(J) Peak Work Rel: Definition: Peak power production during the selected phase normalized to the participant’s body mass. Calculation: maximum GRFz(N) * COMdisplacement (m) across the selected phase / mass (kg) Units: Joules per kilogram (J/kg) Avg Work: Definition: Average power production during the selected phase. Calculation: mean GRFz(N) * COMdisplacement (m) across the selected Units: Joules (J) Avg Work Rel: Definition: Average power production during the selected phase. Calculation: mean GRFz(N) * COMdisplacement (m) across the selected phase / mass (kg) Units: Joules per kilogram(J/ kg) Torso Angle: Definition: Segment angle of the torso at the end of the selected phase. Calculation: Units: Degrees (°) Hip Flexion Angle L: Definition: Left hip joint flexion/extension angle at the end of the selected phase. Calculation: Units: Degrees (°) Hip Flexion Angle R: Definition: Right hip flexion/extension joint angle at the end of the selected phase. Calculation: Units: Degrees (°) Hip Add Angle L: Definition: Left hip joint adduction/abduction angle at the end of the selected phase. Calculation: Units: Degrees (°) Hip Add Angle R: Definition: Right hip joint adduction/abduction angle at the end of the selected phase. Calculation: Units: Degrees (°) Hip IR Angle L: Definition: Left hip joint internal/external rotation angle at the end of the selected phase. Calculation: Units: Degrees (°) Hip IR Angle R: Definition: Right hip joint internal/external rotation angle at the end of the selected phase. Calculation: Units: Degrees (°) Knee Flexion Angle L: Definition: Left knee joint flexion/extension angle at the end of the selected phase. Calculation: Units: Degrees (°) Knee Flexion Angle R: Definition: Right knee joint flexion/extension angle at the end of the selected phase. Calculation: Units: Degrees (°) Ankle Flexion Angle L: Definition: Left ankle joint flexion/extension angle at the end of the selected phase. Calculation: Units: Degrees (°) Ankle Flexion Angle R: Definition: Right ankle joint flexion/extension angle at the end of the selected phase. Calculation: Units: Degrees (°) **L/R Drop Jump - Braking Metrics** Braking Time: Definition: Temporal duration of the braking phase. Calculation: Braking End (s) – Yielding End (s) Units: Seconds (s) Braking Avg Vel: Definition: Average center of mass vertical velocity across the braking phase. Calculation: mean (com_velocity)[braking_end:yielding_end] Units: Meters per second (m/s) Braking Peak Vel: Definition: Peak negative center of mass vertical velocity within the braking phase. Calculation: min (com_velocity) [braking_end:yielding_end] Units: Meters per second (m/s) Braking Avg Force: Definition: Average vertical force production during the braking phase. Calculation: mean(Force(N))[braking_end:yielding_end] Units: Newtons (N) Braking Avg Force Rel: Definition: Average vertical force production during the braking phase normalized to participant’s body mass. Calculation: mean(Force(N))[braking_end:yielding_end] / mass (kg) Units: Newtons per kilogram (N/kg) Braking Peak Force: Definition: Peak vertical force production during the braking phase normalized to participant’s body mass. Calculation: max(Force(N))[braking_end:yielding_end] Units: Newtons (N) Braking Peak Force Rel: Definition: Peak vertical force production during the braking phase normalized to participant’s body mass. Calculation: max(Force(N))[braking_end:yielding_end] / mass (kg) Units: Newtons per kilogram (N/kg) Braking Avg RFD: Definition: Average rate of force development during the braking phase. Calculation: mean(Force(N)[braking_end:yielding_end] / Braking Time (s) Units: Newtons per second (N/s) Braking Avg RFD Rel: Definition: Average rate of force development during the braking phase normalized to participant’s body mass. Calculation: mean(Force(N)[braking_end:yielding_end] / Braking Time (s))/ mass (kg) Units: Newtons per second per kilogram (N/s/kg) Braking Peak RFD: Definition: Peak rate of force development during the braking phase. Calculation: max(Force(N)[braking_end:yielding_end] / BrakingTime (s) Units: Newtons per second (N/s) Braking Peak RFD Rel: Definition: Peak rate of force development during the braking phase normalized to body mass. Calculation: max(Force(N)[braking_end:yielding_end] / Braking Time (s) / mass(kg). Units: Newtons per second per kilogram (N/s/kg) Braking Peak Power: Definition: Peak power production during the braking phase. Calculation: max(Force(N)[yielding_end:CMJstart] * com_velocity(m/s)[yielding_end:CMJstart] Units: Watts (W) Braking Peak Power Rel: Definition: Peak power production during the braking phase normalized to the participant’s body mass. Calculation: max(Force(N)[braking_end:yielding_end] * com_velocity(m/s)[braking_end:yielding_end]) / mass(kg) Units: Watts per kilogram (W/kg) Braking Avg Power: Definition: Average power production during the braking phase. Calculation: mean(Force(N)[braking_end:yielding_end] * com_velocity(m/s)[ braking_end:yielding_end]) Units: Watts (W) Braking Avg Power Rel: Definition: Average power production during the braking phase normalized to the participant’s body mass. Calculation: mean(Force(N)[braking_end:yielding_end] * com_velocity(m/s)[[braking_end:yielding_end]) / mass(kg) Units: Watts per kilogram (W/kg) Braking Peak Work: Definition: Peak work production during the braking phase. Calculation: max(Force(N)[braking_end:yielding_end] * com_position(m)[[braking_end:yielding_end]) Units: Joules(J) Braking Peak Work Rel: Definition: Peak power production during the braking phase normalized to the participant’s body mass. Calculation: max(Force(N)[braking_end:yielding_end] * com_position(m)[[braking_end:yielding_end]) / mass(kg) Units: Joules per kilogram (J/kg) Braking Avg Work: Definition: Average power production during the braking phase. Calculation: mean(Force(N)[braking_end:yielding_end] * com_position(m)[[braking_end:yielding_end]) Units: Joules (J) Braking Avg Work Rel: Definition: Average power production during the braking phase. Calculation: mean(Force(N)[braking_end:yielding_end] * com_position(m)[[braking_end:yielding_end]) / mass(kg) Units: Joules per kilogram(J/ kg) Braking Torso Angle: Definition: Segment angle of the torso at the end of the braking phase. Calculation: Units: Degrees (°) Braking Hip Flexion Angle L: Definition: Left hip joint flexion/extension angle at the end of the braking phase. Calculation: Units: Degrees (°) Braking Hip Flexion Angle R: Definition: Right hip flexion/extension joint angle at the end of the braking phase. Calculation: Units: Degrees (°) Braking Hip Add Angle L: Definition: Left hip joint adduction/abduction angle at the end of the braking phase. Calculation: Units: Degrees (°) Braking Hip Add Angle R: Definition: Right hip joint adduction/abduction angle at the end of the braking phase. Calculation: Units: Degrees (°) Braking Hip IR Angle L: Definition: Left hip joint internal/external rotation angle at the end of the braking phase. Calculation: Units: Degrees (°) Braking Hip IR Angle R: Definition: Right hip joint internal/external rotation angle at the end of the braking phase. Calculation: Units: Degrees (°) Braking Knee Flexion Angle L: Definition: Left knee joint flexion/extension angle at the end of the braking phase. Calculation: Units: Degrees (°) Braking Knee Flexion Angle R: Definition: Right knee joint flexion/extension angle at the end of the braking phase. Calculation: Units: Degrees (°) Braking Ankle Flexion Angle L: Definition: Left ankle joint flexion/extension angle at the end of the braking phase. Calculation: Units: Degrees (°) Braking Ankle Flexion Angle R: Definition: Right ankle joint flexion/extension angle at the end of the braking phase. Calculation: Units: Degrees (°) **L/R Drop Jump - Concentric Metrics** Concentric Time: Definition: Temporal duration of the concentric phase. Calculation: Takeoff (s) – Braking End (s) Units: Seconds (s) Concentric Avg Vel: Definition: Average center of mass vertical velocity across the concentric phase. Calculation: mean (com_velocity)[takeoff:braking_end] Units: Meters per second (m/s) Concentric Peak Vel: Definition: Peak negative center of mass vertical velocity within the concentric phase. Calculation: max (com_velocity) [takeoff:braking_end] Units: Meters per second (m/s) Concentric Avg Force: Definition: Average vertical force production during the concentric phase. Calculation: mean(Force(N))[takeoff:braking_end] Units: Newtons (N) Concentric Avg Force Rel: Definition: Average vertical force production during the concentric phase normalized to participant’s body mass. Calculation: mean(Force(N))[takeoff:braking_end] / mass (kg) Units: Newtons per kilogram (N/kg) Concentric Peak Force: Definition: Peak vertical force production during the concentric phase normalized to participant’s body mass. Calculation: max(Force(N))[takeoff:braking_end] Units: Newtons (N) Concentric Peak Force Rel: Definition: Peak vertical force production during the concentric phase normalized to participant’s body mass. Calculation: max(Force(N))[takeoff: braking_end] / mass (kg) Units: Newtons per kilogram (N/kg) Concentric Avg RFD: Definition: Average rate of force development during the concentric phase. Calculation: mean(Force(N)[takeoff:braking_end] / Concentric Time (s) Units: Newtons per second (N/s) Concentric Avg RFD Rel: Definition: Average rate of force development during the concentric phase normalized to participant’s body mass. Calculation: mean(Force(N)[takeoff: braking_end] / Concentric Time (s))/ mass (kg) Units: Newtons per second per kilogram (N/s/kg) Concentric Peak RFD: Definition: Peak rate of force development during the concentric phase. Calculation: max(Force(N)[takeoff:braking_end] / Concentric Time (s) Units: Newtons per second (N/s) Concentric Peak RFD Rel: Definition: Peak rate of force development during the concentric phase normalized to body mass. Calculation: max(Force(N)[takeoff:braking_end] / Concentric Time (s) / mass(kg). Units: Newtons per second per kilogram (N/s/kg) Concentric Peak Power: Definition: Peak power production during the concentric phase. Calculation: max(Force(N)[takeoff:braking_end] * com_velocity(m/s)[takeoff:braking_end] Units: Watts (W) Concentric Peak Power Rel: Definition: Peak power production during the concentric phase normalized to the participant’s body mass. Calculation: max(Force(N)[takeoff:braking_end] * com_velocity(m/s)[takeoff:braking_end]) / mass(kg) Units: Watts per kilogram (W/kg) Concentric Avg Power: Definition: Average power production during the concentric phase. Calculation: mean(Force(N)[takeoff:braking_end] * com_velocity(m/s)[ takeoff:braking_end]) Units: Watts (W) Concentric Avg Power Rel: Definition: Average power production during the concentric phase normalized to the participant’s body mass. Calculation: mean(Force(N)[takeoff:braking_end] * com_velocity(m/s)[[takeoff:braking_end]) / mass(kg) Units: Watts per kilogram (W/kg) Concentric Peak Work: Definition: Peak work production during the concentric phase. Calculation: max(Force(N)[takeoff:braking_end] * com_position(m)[[takeoff:braking_end]) Units: Joules(J) Concentric Peak Work Rel: Definition: Peak power production during the concentric phase normalized to the participant’s body mass. Calculation: max(Force(N)[takeoff:braking_end] * com_position(m)[[takeoff:braking_end]) / mass(kg) Units: Joules per kilogram (J/kg) Concentric Avg Work: Definition: Average power production during the braking phase. Calculation: mean(Force(N)[takeoff:braking_end] * com_position(m)[[takeoff:braking_end]) Units: Joules (J) Concentric Avg Work Rel: Definition: Average power production during the concentric phase. Calculation: mean(Force(N)[takeoff_end:braking_end] * com_position(m)[[takeoff:braking_end]) / mass(kg) Units: Joules per kilogram(J/ kg) Concentric Torso Angle: Definition: Segment angle of the torso at the end of the concentric phase. Calculation: Units: Degrees (°) Concentric Hip Flexion Angle L: Definition: Left hip joint flexion/ extension angle at the end of the concentric phase. Calculation: Units: Degrees (°) Concentric Hip Flexion Angle R: Definition: Right hip flexion/ extension joint angle at the end of the concentric phase. Calculation: Units: Degrees (°) Concentric Hip Add Angle L: Definition: Left hip joint adduction/abduction angle at the end of the concentric phase. Calculation: Units: Degrees (°) Concentric Hip Add Angle R: Definition: Right hip joint adduction/abduction angle at the end of the concentric phase. Calculation: Units: Degrees (°) Concentric Hip IR Angle L: Definition: Left hip joint internal/external rotation angle at the end of the concentric phase. Calculation: Units: Degrees (°) Concentric Hip IR Angle R: Definition: Right hip joint internal/external rotation angle at the end of the concentric phase. Calculation: Units: Degrees (°) Concentric Knee Flexion Angle L: Definition: Left knee joint flexion/ extension angle at the end of the concentric phase. Calculation: Units: Degrees (°) Concentric Knee Flexion Angle R: Definition: Right knee joint flexion/ extension angle at the end of the concentric phase. Calculation: Units: Degrees (°) Concentric Ankle Flexion Angle L: Definition: Left ankle joint flexion/ extension angle at the end of the concentric phase. Calculation: Units: Degrees (°) Concentric Ankle Flexion Angle R: Definition: Right ankle joint flexion/ extension angle at the end of the concentric phase. Calculation: Units: Degrees (°) **L/R Drop Jump - Landing Metrics** Landing Time: Definition: Temporal duration of the landing phase. Calculation: Landing End (s) – Ground Contact (s) Units: Seconds (s) Landing Avg Vel: Definition: Average center of mass vertical velocity across the landing phase. Calculation: mean (com_velocity)[landing_end:ground_contact] Units: Meters per second (m/s) Landing Peak Vel: Definition: Peak negative center of mass vertical velocity within the landing phase. Calculation: min (com_velocity) [landing_end:ground_contact] Units: Meters per second (m/s) Landing Avg Force: Definition: Average vertical force production during the landing phase. Calculation: mean(Force(N))[ landing_end:ground_contact] Units: Newtons (N) Landing Avg Force Rel: Definition: Average vertical force production during the landing phase normalized to participant’s body mass. Calculation: mean(Force(N))[ landing_end:ground_contact] / mass (kg) Units: Newtons per kilogram (N/kg) Landing Peak Force: Definition: Peak vertical force production during the landing phase normalized to participant’s body mass. Calculation: max(Force(N))[landing_end:ground_contact] Units: Newtons (N) Landing Peak Force Rel: Definition: Peak vertical force production during the landing phase normalized to participant’s body mass. Calculation: max(Force(N))[ landing_end:ground_contact] / mass (kg) Units: Newtons per kilogram (N/kg) Landing Avg RFD: Definition: Average rate of force development during the landing phase. Calculation: mean(Force(N)[ landing_end:ground_contact] / Concentric Time (s) Units: Newtons per second (N/s) Landing Avg RFD Rel: Definition: Average rate of force development during the landing phase normalized to participant’s body mass. Calculation: mean(Force(N)[ landing_end:ground_contact] / Concentric Time (s))/ mass (kg) Units: Newtons per second per kilogram (N/s/kg) Landing Peak RFD: Definition: Peak rate of force development during the landing phase. Calculation: max(Force(N)[ landing_end:ground_contact] / Concentric Time (s) Units: Newtons per second (N/s) Landing Peak RFD Rel: Definition: Peak rate of force development during the landing phase normalized to body mass. Calculation: max(Force(N)[ landing_end:ground_contact] / Concentric Time (s) / mass(kg). Units: Newtons per second per kilogram (N/s/kg) Landing Peak Power: Definition: Peak power production during the landing phase. Calculation: max(Force(N)[ landing_end:ground_contact] * com_velocity(m/s)[ landing_end:ground_contact] Units: Watts (W) Landing Peak Power Rel: Definition: Peak power production during the landing phase normalized to the participant’s body mass. Calculation: max(Force(N)[ landing_end:ground_contact] * com_velocity(m/s)[landing_end:ground_contact]) / mass(kg) Units: Watts per kilogram (W/kg) Landing Avg Power: Definition: Average power production during the landing phase. Calculation: mean(Force(N)[ landing_end:ground_contact] * com_velocity(m/s)[landing_end:ground_contact Units: Watts (W) Landing Avg Power Rel: Definition: Average power production during the landing phase normalized to the participant’s body mass. Calculation: mean(Force(N)[ landing_end:ground_contact] * com_velocity(m/s)[landing_end:ground_contact]) / mass(kg) Units: Watts per kilogram (W/kg) Landing Peak Work: Definition: Peak work production during the landing phase. Calculation: max(Force(N)[ landing_end:ground_contact] * com_position(m)[ landing_end:ground_contact]) Units: Joules(J) Landing Peak Work Rel: Definition: Peak power production during the landing phase normalized to the participant’s body mass. Calculation: max(Force(N)[ landing_end:ground_contact] * com_position(m)[ landing_end:ground_contact]) / mass(kg) Units: Joules per kilogram (J/kg) Landing Avg Work: Definition: Average power production during the landing phase. Calculation: mean(Force(N)[ landing_end:ground_contact] * com_position(m)[landing_end:ground_contact]) Units: Joules (J) Landing Avg Work Rel: Definition: Average power production during the landing phase. Calculation: mean(Force(N)[ landing_end:ground_contact] * com_position(m)[ landing_end:ground_contact]) / mass(kg) Units: Joules per kilogram(J/ kg) Landing Torso Angle: Definition: Segment angle of the torso at the end of the landing phase. Calculation: Units: Degrees (°) Landing Hip Flexion Angle L: Definition: Left hip joint flexion/extension angle at the end of the landing phase. Calculation: Units: Degrees (°) Landing Hip Flexion Angle R: Definition: Right hip flexion/extension joint angle at the end of the landing phase. Calculation: Units: Degrees (°) Landing Hip Add Angle L: Definition: Left hip joint adduction/abduction angle at the end of the landing phase. Calculation: Units: Degrees (°) Landing Hip Add Angle R: Definition: Right hip joint adduction/abduction angle at the end of the landing phase. Calculation: Units: Degrees (°) Landing Hip IR Angle L: Definition: Left hip joint internal/external rotation angle at the end of the landing phase. Calculation: Units: Degrees (°) Landing Hip IR Angle R: Definition: Right hip joint internal/external rotation angle at the end of the landing phase. Calculation: Units: Degrees (°) Landing Knee Flexion Angle L: Definition: Left knee joint flexion/extension angle at the end of the landing phase. Calculation: Units: Degrees (°) Landing Knee Flexion Angle R: Definition: Right knee joint flexion/extension angle at the end of the landing phase. Calculation: Units: Degrees (°) Landing Ankle Flexion Angle L: Definition: Left ankle joint flexion/extension angle at the end of the landing phase. Calculation: Units: Degrees (°) Landing Ankle Flexion Angle R: Definition: Right ankle joint flexion/ extension angle at the end of the landing phase. Calculation: Units: Degrees (°)